See serw on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*ser-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ser-#Proto-Indo-European:_guard"
],
[
"*-wós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-wós"
],
[
"*-yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yéti"
],
[
"*serwiō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/serwiō"
],
[
"serviō",
"servio#Latin:_serve"
],
[
"servir",
"servir#Old_French"
],
[
"serven",
"serven#Middle_English"
],
[
"serve",
"serve#English"
],
[
"serve",
"serve#English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "en:serve",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ser-\nProto-Indo-European *-wós\nProto-Indo-European *serwos\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *serweyéti\nProto-Italic *serwijeti\nProto-Italic *serwijit\nProto-Italic *serwiō\nLatin serviō\nOld French servirbor.\nMiddle English serven\nEnglish servebor.\nPolish serw\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"serve\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*serwijit\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*serwijeti\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*serweyéti\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*serwos\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"guard\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ser-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-wós\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*serwiō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"serviō\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"servir\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"serven\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"serve\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"serw\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"serw\">\nBorrowed from English serve.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "en:serve",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ser-\nProto-Indo-European *-wós\nProto-Indo-European *serwos\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *serweyéti\nProto-Italic *serwijeti\nProto-Italic *serwijit\nProto-Italic *serwiō\nLatin serviō\nOld French servirbor.\nMiddle English serven\nEnglish servebor.\nPolish serw\nBorrowed from English serve.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ser-\nProto-Indo-European *-wós\nProto-Indo-European *serwos\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *serweyéti\nProto-Italic *serwijeti\nProto-Italic *serwijit\nProto-Italic *serwiō\nLatin serviō\nOld French servirbor.\nMiddle English serven\nEnglish servebor.\nPolish serw\nBorrowed from English serve.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "serw",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serwy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serwu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serwów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serwowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serwom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serw",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serwy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serwem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serwami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serwie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serwach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serwie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "serwy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "serw m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"serw"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"serw"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Badminton",
"orig": "pl:Badminton",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Tennis",
"orig": "pl:Tennis",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Volleyball",
"orig": "pl:Volleyball",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"serve (act of putting the ball or shuttlecock in play)"
],
"id": "en-serw-pl-noun-VQZy8cGy",
"links": [
[
"badminton",
"badminton"
],
[
"tennis",
"tennis"
],
[
"volleyball",
"volleyball"
],
[
"serve",
"serve"
]
],
"qualifier": "badminton",
"raw_glosses": [
"(badminton, tennis, volleyball) serve (act of putting the ball or shuttlecock in play)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "serwis"
},
{
"word": "zagrywka"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"ball-games",
"games",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports",
"tennis",
"volleyball"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɛrf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛrf"
}
],
"word": "serw"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*ser-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ser-#Proto-Indo-European:_guard"
],
[
"*-wós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-wós"
],
[
"*-yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yéti"
],
[
"*serwiō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/serwiō"
],
[
"serviō",
"servio#Latin:_serve"
],
[
"servir",
"servir#Old_French"
],
[
"serven",
"serven#Middle_English"
],
[
"serve",
"serve#English"
],
[
"serve",
"serve#English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "en:serve",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ser-\nProto-Indo-European *-wós\nProto-Indo-European *serwos\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *serweyéti\nProto-Italic *serwijeti\nProto-Italic *serwijit\nProto-Italic *serwiō\nLatin serviō\nOld French servirbor.\nMiddle English serven\nEnglish servebor.\nPolish serw\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"serve\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*serwijit\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*serwijeti\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*serweyéti\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*serwos\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"guard\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ser-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-wós\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*serwiō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"serviō\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"servir\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"serven\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"serve\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"serw\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"serw\">\nBorrowed from English serve.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "en:serve",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ser-\nProto-Indo-European *-wós\nProto-Indo-European *serwos\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *serweyéti\nProto-Italic *serwijeti\nProto-Italic *serwijit\nProto-Italic *serwiō\nLatin serviō\nOld French servirbor.\nMiddle English serven\nEnglish servebor.\nPolish serw\nBorrowed from English serve.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ser-\nProto-Indo-European *-wós\nProto-Indo-European *serwos\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *serweyéti\nProto-Italic *serwijeti\nProto-Italic *serwijit\nProto-Italic *serwiō\nLatin serviō\nOld French servirbor.\nMiddle English serven\nEnglish servebor.\nPolish serw\nBorrowed from English serve.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "serw",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serwy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serwu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serwów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serwowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serwom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serw",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serwy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serwem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serwami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serwie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serwach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serwie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "serwy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "serw m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"serw"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"serw"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with etymon",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms borrowed from English",
"Polish terms derived from English",
"Polish terms derived from Latin",
"Polish terms derived from Middle English",
"Polish terms derived from Old French",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ser- (guard)",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛrf",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛrf/1 syllable",
"pl:Badminton",
"pl:Tennis",
"pl:Volleyball"
],
"glosses": [
"serve (act of putting the ball or shuttlecock in play)"
],
"links": [
[
"badminton",
"badminton"
],
[
"tennis",
"tennis"
],
[
"volleyball",
"volleyball"
],
[
"serve",
"serve"
]
],
"qualifier": "badminton",
"raw_glosses": [
"(badminton, tennis, volleyball) serve (act of putting the ball or shuttlecock in play)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "serwis"
},
{
"word": "zagrywka"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"ball-games",
"games",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports",
"tennis",
"volleyball"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɛrf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛrf"
}
],
"word": "serw"
}
Download raw JSONL data for serw meaning in All languages combined (7.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (19f9a30 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.